Treatment of canine asthma by high selective vagotomy

J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2014 Aug;148(2):683-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2013.12.041. Epub 2014 Jan 15.

Abstract

Objectives: This study evaluated the effect of high selective bilateral vagotomy of hilus pulmonis with video-assisted thoracoscopy on asthma.

Methods: Eight dogs with skin sensitive to Ascaris suum antigens were randomly divided into groups A and B. Asthma was induced by aerosol inhalation of A suum antigens. Respiratory rate and peak airway pressure were significantly increased (P < .05) in both groups. Dynamic compliance was dramatically increased (P < .05) in both groups. Two days later, bilateral vagotomy of hilus pulmonis under thoracoscopic guidance was performed on dogs in group A; dogs in group B underwent bilateral sham vagotomy plus thoracoscopy. Five days after treatment, all dogs had rechallenge with a second aerosol inhalation.

Results: Dogs in group A did not show typical asthmatic symptoms, and no significant changes were found in respiratory rate, peak airway pressure, and dynamic compliance (P > .05). Dogs in group B still had typical symptoms, and respiratory rate and peak airway pressure were increased and dynamic compliance decreased significantly (P < .05 for all). Significant differences in respiratory rate, peak airway pressure, and dynamic compliance were observed between groups. Moreover, inflammatory cells in the lungs and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of group A were dramatically reduced relative to group B (P < .05). There were no significant changes in heart rate and mean arterial pressure after vagotomy, indicating that vagotomy did not affect the cardiac plexus of vagus.

Conclusions: High selective bilateral vagotomy of hilus pulmonis with thoracoscope can effectively control asthma in dogs.

MeSH terms

  • Aerosols
  • Animals
  • Antigens, Helminth / immunology
  • Ascaris suum / immunology
  • Asthma / blood
  • Asthma / immunology
  • Asthma / physiopathology
  • Asthma / prevention & control*
  • Bronchial Hyperreactivity / blood
  • Bronchial Hyperreactivity / immunology
  • Bronchial Hyperreactivity / physiopathology
  • Bronchial Hyperreactivity / prevention & control*
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Dogs
  • Inflammation Mediators / blood
  • Inhalation Exposure
  • Lung / immunology
  • Lung / innervation*
  • Lung Compliance
  • Pressure
  • Respiratory Rate
  • Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted*
  • Tidal Volume
  • Time Factors
  • Vagotomy / methods*

Substances

  • Aerosols
  • Antigens, Helminth
  • Inflammation Mediators