Adjunctive management of central line-associated bloodstream infections with 70% ethanol-lock therapy

J Antimicrob Chemother. 2014 Jun;69(6):1665-8. doi: 10.1093/jac/dku017. Epub 2014 Feb 12.

Abstract

Objectives: Ethanol is bactericidal against most pathogens implicated in central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) and biofilms. Current Infectious Diseases Society of America guidelines cite insufficient evidence to support adjunctive ethanol-lock therapy (ELT) for central venous catheter (CVC) salvage in patients with CLABSI in combination with systemic antimicrobial treatment. We evaluated the safety and potential efficacy of 70% ELT for CLABSI at our institution after implementation of a hospital ELT protocol.

Methods: We collected data on all patients treated with adjunctive 70% ELT for catheter salvage from September 2009 to September 2011 and assessed clinical outcomes and adverse events associated with ELT.

Results: Sixty-eight hospitalized patients received 70% ELT for CVC salvage: 45 (66%) met the criteria for CLABSI. Five (11%) had persistent or recurrent bacteraemia triggering CVC removal; 28 (62%) preserved their CVC long term. There were no documented adverse events associated with ELT.

Discussion: Adjunctive 70% ELT is an inexpensive, well-tolerated option for CVC salvage in patients with CLABSI and warrants further investigation.

Keywords: biofilms; catheter-related infections; salvage therapy.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Anti-Infective Agents / therapeutic use
  • Anti-Infective Agents, Local / administration & dosage*
  • Anti-Infective Agents, Local / adverse effects
  • Catheterization, Central Venous / adverse effects*
  • Central Venous Catheters / adverse effects*
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Ethanol / administration & dosage*
  • Ethanol / adverse effects
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Sepsis / diagnosis
  • Sepsis / etiology*
  • Sepsis / prevention & control
  • Sepsis / therapy*
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Anti-Infective Agents
  • Anti-Infective Agents, Local
  • Ethanol