Prognostic significance of an elevated neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in the amputation-free survival of patients with chronic critical limb ischemia

Ann Vasc Surg. 2014 May;28(4):999-1004. doi: 10.1016/j.avsg.2013.06.037. Epub 2013 Oct 27.

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the utility of admission neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in predicting the amputation-free survival (AFS) of patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI) who underwent an elective infrainguinal therapeutic intervention.

Methods: All patients with CLI undergoing elective infrainguinal vascular surgery (open or endovascular) at a single university teaching hospital between January 2005 and December 2009 were retrospectively identified from a prospectively maintained database. The primary end point was AFS. The cut-off of NLR >5 was used to categorize patients into low- and high-NLR groups. Kaplan-Meier analysis and long-rank test were used to compare survival between both groups. Cox regression analysis was conducted to determine independent factors affecting the AFS.

Results: During a median follow-up of 31 months, 561 patients with chronic CLI underwent infrainguinal revascularization. Five-year mortality was lower in the NLR <5 group (33%) than in the NLR >5 group (49%) (P ≤ 0.001), and the AFS was significantly higher in the NLR <5 group (50%) than in the NLR >5 group (26%) (P ≤ 0.001). In a multivariate analysis, preoperative NLR >5 was independently associated with 5-year AFS (hazard ratio 2.325, 95% CI 1.732-3.121).

Conclusions: Elevated NLR predicts a worse AFS in patients undergoing infrainguinal vascular revascularization with chronic CLI, suggesting that the NLR conveys powerful prognostic information that is independent of other conventional clinical risk factors.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Amputation, Surgical*
  • Chi-Square Distribution
  • Chronic Disease
  • Critical Illness
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Endovascular Procedures* / adverse effects
  • Endovascular Procedures* / mortality
  • Female
  • Hospitals, University
  • Humans
  • Ischemia / blood*
  • Ischemia / diagnosis
  • Ischemia / mortality
  • Ischemia / therapy
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Limb Salvage*
  • Lymphocyte Count
  • Lymphocytes*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Neutrophils*
  • Peripheral Arterial Disease / blood*
  • Peripheral Arterial Disease / diagnosis
  • Peripheral Arterial Disease / mortality
  • Peripheral Arterial Disease / therapy*
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Spain
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Vascular Surgical Procedures* / adverse effects
  • Vascular Surgical Procedures* / mortality