Abstract
It is well documented that dysregulation of microRNAs is a hallmark of human cancers. Thus, this family of small non-coding regulatory molecules represents an excellent source of sensitive biomarkers. Unique microRNAs expression profiles have been associated with different types and subsets of gastrointestinal tumors including gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs). GEP-NETs are a heterogeneous group of epithelial neoplasms with neuroendocrine differentiation. At present, early detection and surgical resection of GEP-NETs represent the best chance for a cure. Thus, clinically useful biomarkers for GEP-NETs that strongly correlate with early detection are urgently needed. The purpose of this review is to summarize the role of miRNAs in GEP-NET carcinogenesis and their possible use as novel diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarkers.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics
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Biomarkers, Tumor / therapeutic use
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Early Detection of Cancer
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Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / diagnosis
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Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / genetics*
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Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / pathology
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Gastrointestinal Tract / metabolism
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Humans
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Intestinal Neoplasms / diagnosis
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Intestinal Neoplasms / drug therapy
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Intestinal Neoplasms / genetics*
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MicroRNAs / genetics*
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Neuroendocrine Tumors / diagnosis
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Neuroendocrine Tumors / drug therapy
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Neuroendocrine Tumors / genetics*
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Pancreatic Neoplasms / diagnosis
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Pancreatic Neoplasms / drug therapy
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Pancreatic Neoplasms / genetics*
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Prognosis
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Stomach Neoplasms / diagnosis
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Stomach Neoplasms / drug therapy
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Stomach Neoplasms / genetics*
Substances
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Biomarkers, Tumor
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MicroRNAs
Supplementary concepts
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Gastro-enteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumor