Lemierre syndrome: not so forgotten!

Am J Crit Care. 2014 Mar;23(2):176-9. doi: 10.4037/ajcc2014975.

Abstract

Lemierre syndrome is a rare and life-threatening illness. Often referred to as "the forgotten disease," its incidence is reported to be as low as 1 in a million. The microorganism responsible for Lemierre syndrome is typically Fusobacterium necrophorum. The bacterium starts in the pharynx and peritonsillar tissue, then disseminates through lymphatic vessels. Severe sepsis rapidly develops, as does the hallmark of this syndrome: septic thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein. This report describes a case of Lemierre syndrome in a previously healthy 26-year-old man with life-threatening internal jugular vein thrombophlebitis following 2 weeks of an indolent course of pharyngitis. The patient's initial presentation and extensive travel history as an Army veteran were particularly challenging aspects in establishing his diagnosis. The diagnosis of Lemierre syndrome is frequently delayed. Routine use of bedside ultrasonography may aid in rapid diagnosis of the disease.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
  • Fever
  • Fusobacterium Infections / diagnosis
  • Fusobacterium Infections / diagnostic imaging*
  • Fusobacterium Infections / drug therapy
  • Fusobacterium necrophorum / isolation & purification
  • Humans
  • Jugular Veins / diagnostic imaging
  • Jugular Veins / microbiology
  • Jugular Veins / pathology
  • Lemierre Syndrome / complications
  • Lemierre Syndrome / diagnosis
  • Lemierre Syndrome / diagnostic imaging*
  • Lemierre Syndrome / drug therapy
  • Male
  • Pharyngitis / complications*
  • Pharyngitis / microbiology
  • Thrombophlebitis / diagnostic imaging
  • Thrombophlebitis / drug therapy
  • Thrombophlebitis / etiology*
  • Ultrasonography

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents