Bowel perforation in newborn with anorectal malformation and no fistula at presentation

J Pediatr Surg. 2014 Mar;49(3):390-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2013.07.009.

Abstract

Purpose: Anorectal malformation (ARM) in newborns with no fistula at presentation resembles intestinal obstruction. The aim of this study is to study the factors associated with bowel perforation in this group of patients.

Methods: From 2000 to 2012, 106 newborns with ARM were managed in our hospital. Thirty neonates without fistula at presentation were included in this study. Demographic data and the incidence of bowel perforation were studied.

Results: Twenty-nine male and 1 female were included in the study. Five patients were born premature and six patients had low birth weight. Six patients had Down's syndrome and 12 patients had associated anomalies. Cross-table lateral x-ray in prone position was performed from 20 to 24 hours after birth. All operations were performed within 48 hours after birth. One neonate underwent primary anoplasty. Twenty-nine neonates underwent colostomy. Two males developed bowel perforation before surgery (at 33 and 36 hours after birth). Perforation was associated with low birth weight (p=0.034) and was not associated with prematurity (p=0.31), Down's syndrome (p=0.634) or the presence of other associated anomalies (p=0.687).

Conclusions: In newborns with ARM, bowel perforation can occur within 36 hours after birth. Forty-eight hours of waiting is too long as it risks perforation. In this study, a neonate with low birth weight was trended toward bowel perforation.

Keywords: Anorectal malformation; Fistula; Perforation.

MeSH terms

  • Abnormalities, Multiple
  • Anorectal Malformations
  • Anus, Imperforate / complications*
  • Anus, Imperforate / surgery
  • Colostomy
  • Delayed Diagnosis
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Down Syndrome / complications
  • Early Diagnosis
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant, Low Birth Weight
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Infant, Premature
  • Infant, Premature, Diseases / surgery*
  • Intestinal Obstruction / diagnosis
  • Intestinal Perforation / diagnosis
  • Intestinal Perforation / diagnostic imaging
  • Intestinal Perforation / etiology*
  • Intestinal Perforation / prevention & control
  • Intestinal Perforation / surgery
  • Male
  • Radiography
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome