Distinct cross-reactive B-cell responses to live attenuated and inactivated influenza vaccines

J Infect Dis. 2014 Sep 15;210(6):865-74. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiu190. Epub 2014 Mar 27.

Abstract

Background: The immunological bases for the efficacies of the 2 currently licensed influenza vaccines, live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) and inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV), are not fully understood. The goal of this study was to identify specific B-cell responses correlated with the known efficacies of these 2 vaccines.

Methods: We compared the B-cell and antibody responses after immunization with 2010/2011 IIV or LAIV in young adults, focusing on peripheral plasmablasts 6-8 days after vaccination.

Results: The quantities of vaccine-specific plasmablasts and plasmablast-derived polyclonal antibodies (PPAbs) in IIV recipients were significantly higher than those in LAIV recipients. No significant difference was detected in the avidity of vaccine-specific PPAbs between the 2 vaccine groups. Proportionally, LAIV induced a greater vaccine-specific immunoglobulin A plasmablast response, as well as a greater plasmablast response to the conserved influenza nuclear protein, than IIV. The cross-reactive plasmablast response to heterovariant strains, as indicated by the relative levels of cross-reactive plasmablasts and the cross-reactive PPAb binding reactivity, was also greater in the LAIV group.

Conclusions: Distinct quantitative and qualitative patterns of plasmablast responses were induced by LAIV and IIV in young adults; a proportionally greater cross-reactive response was induced by LAIV.

Keywords: B-cell response; antibody; influenza vaccine.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Antibodies, Viral / immunology
  • B-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • Cross Reactions / immunology
  • Humans
  • Immunity, Cellular / immunology
  • Immunity, Humoral / immunology
  • Immunoglobulin A / immunology
  • Influenza Vaccines / immunology
  • Influenza Vaccines / pharmacology*
  • Influenza, Human / immunology
  • Influenza, Human / prevention & control
  • Neutralization Tests
  • Vaccines, Attenuated / immunology
  • Vaccines, Attenuated / pharmacology
  • Vaccines, Inactivated / immunology
  • Vaccines, Inactivated / pharmacology
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Immunoglobulin A
  • Influenza Vaccines
  • Vaccines, Attenuated
  • Vaccines, Inactivated