Impaired endothelial function in adolescents with overweight or obesity measured by peripheral artery tonometry

Pediatr Diabetes. 2015 Mar;16(2):98-103. doi: 10.1111/pedi.12139. Epub 2014 Apr 3.

Abstract

Background: Overweight and obesity in adolescents are associated with a subsequent increased mortality due to cardiovascular disease in adulthood. The reactive hyperemia-peripheral artery tonometry (RH-PAT) is a non-invasive method for endothelial function assessment.

Objective: The goal of this study is to investigate endothelial function as assessed with the RH-PAT in adolescents with overweight or obesity.

Methods: In 27 adolescents with overweight or obesity (16 males, 11 females) and 25 control subjects (12 males, 13 females) (age 12-20 yr) RH-PAT score and baseline pulse amplitude were measured after an overnight fast. Confounding risk factors for endothelial dysfunction, including smoking and diabetes mellitus were excluded.

Results: RH-PAT score was lower in adolescents with overweight or obesity compared to healthy controls, whereas their baseline pulse amplitude was higher (p = 0.027 and p < 0.0001, respectively). A significantly positive correlation was seen between baseline pulse amplitude and body mass index standard deviation score in the group with overweight or obese subjects.

Conclusions: Endothelial dysfunction, measured by lower RH-PAT score and higher baseline pulse amplitude, was present in overweight adolescents. Interestingly, we also report for the first time in the literature a significant difference in baseline pulse amplitude between overweight adolescents compared to their peers.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01267591.

Keywords: PAT; adolescents; obesity; overweight; vascular endothelium.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Belgium / epidemiology
  • Body Mass Index
  • Child
  • Cohort Studies
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Early Diagnosis
  • Endothelium, Vascular / physiopathology*
  • Female
  • Hospitals, University
  • Humans
  • Hyperemia / etiology
  • Male
  • Manometry
  • Outpatient Clinics, Hospital
  • Overweight / physiopathology*
  • Pediatric Obesity / physiopathology*
  • Peripheral Arterial Disease / diagnosis*
  • Peripheral Arterial Disease / epidemiology
  • Peripheral Arterial Disease / etiology
  • Peripheral Arterial Disease / physiopathology
  • Pulse Wave Analysis
  • Risk Factors
  • Young Adult

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01267591