Activation of extrinsic apoptosis pathway in HCV monoinfected and HIV-HCV coinfected patients, irrespective of liver disease severity

Apoptosis. 2014 Jul;19(7):1128-35. doi: 10.1007/s10495-014-0992-1.

Abstract

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with increased levels of peripheral T cell apoptosis. We aimed to study whether T cell apoptosis markers indicate pathways that may contribute to clinical progression in HCV monoinfected and HIV-HCV coinfected patients. Activation of the extrinsic apoptosis pathways was measured by levels of death receptor Fas, initiator caspase 8 and effector caspases 3 and 7 activity and Annexin V binding on peripheral CD4 and CD8 T cells of HCV monoinfected and HIV/HCV coinfected patients, as well as healthy controls and HIV-infected, hepatitis B virus-infected and primary biliary cirrhosis disease controls. Association with liver fibrosis was assessed by biopsy or by transient elastography. HCV monoinfected and HIV-HCV coinfected patients displayed enhanced peripheral CD4 and CD8 T cell apoptosis. Caspase 8 activity was highest in HIV-HCV coinfection, without enhanced downstream activity of caspases 3 and 7. Level of peripheral T cell apoptosis was independent of liver fibrosis or other disease parameters in all disease groups. The extrinsic apoptosis pathway is upregulated in HCV monoinfection and HIV-HCV coinfection, but this is independent of liver disease severity.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Apoptosis / physiology*
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Coinfection
  • Female
  • HIV Infections / metabolism
  • HIV Infections / pathology*
  • HIV-1*
  • Hepacivirus*
  • Hepatitis C, Chronic / metabolism
  • Hepatitis C, Chronic / pathology*
  • Humans
  • Liver Cirrhosis / pathology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Signal Transduction
  • T-Lymphocytes / metabolism
  • T-Lymphocytes / pathology