Long-term follow-up in children with benign convulsions associated with gastroenteritis

Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 2014 Sep;18(5):572-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2014.04.006. Epub 2014 Apr 14.

Abstract

Background: The outcome of benign convulsions associated with gastroenteritis (CwG) has generally been reported as being excellent. However, these data need to be confirmed in studies with longer follow-up evaluations.

Aim: To assess the long-term neurological outcome of a large sample of children presenting with CwG.

Methods: We reviewed clinical features of 81 subjects presenting with CwG (1994-2010) from three different Italian centers with a follow-up period of at least 3 years.

Results: Follow-up period ranged from 39 months to 15 years (mean 9.8 years). Neurological examination and cognitive level at the last evaluation were normal in all the patients. A mild attention deficit was detected in three cases (3.7%). Fourteen children (17.3%) received chronic anti-epileptic therapy. Interictal EEG abnormalities detected at onset in 20 patients (24.7%) reverted to normal. Transient EEG epileptiform abnormalities were detected in other three cases (3.7%), and a transient photosensitivity in one (1.2%). No recurrence of CwG was observed. Three patients (3.7%) presented with a febrile seizure and two (2.5%) with an unprovoked seizure, but none developed epilepsy.

Conclusions: The long-term evaluation of children with CwG confirms the excellent prognosis of this condition, with normal psychomotor development and low risk of relapse and of subsequent epilepsy.

Keywords: Anti-epileptic drugs; Gastroenteritis; Long-term follow-up; Seizure relapse; Seizures.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Anticonvulsants / therapeutic use
  • Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / etiology
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Electroencephalography
  • Epilepsy / complications*
  • Epilepsy / drug therapy
  • Female
  • Gastroenteritis / complications*
  • Humans
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Male
  • Neurologic Examination
  • Retrospective Studies

Substances

  • Anticonvulsants