Identification of plakortide E from the Caribbean sponge Plakortis halichondroides as a trypanocidal protease inhibitor using bioactivity-guided fractionation

Mar Drugs. 2014 May 2;12(5):2614-22. doi: 10.3390/md12052614.

Abstract

In this paper, we report new protease inhibitory activity of plakortide E towards cathepsins and cathepsin-like parasitic proteases. We further report on its anti-parasitic activity against Trypanosoma brucei with an IC₅₀ value of 5 μM and without cytotoxic effects against J774.1 macrophages at 100 μM concentration. Plakortide E was isolated from the sponge Plakortis halichondroides using enzyme assay-guided fractionation and identified by NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Furthermore, enzyme kinetic studies confirmed plakortide E as a non-competitive, slowly-binding, reversible inhibitor of rhodesain.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antiparasitic Agents / pharmacology
  • Cathepsins / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Cathepsins / metabolism
  • Cysteine Endopeptidases / drug effects
  • Dioxanes / chemistry*
  • Dioxanes / pharmacology*
  • Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
  • Humans
  • Porifera / chemistry*
  • Protease Inhibitors / chemistry*
  • Protease Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Trypanocidal Agents / chemistry*
  • Trypanocidal Agents / pharmacology*
  • Trypanosoma brucei brucei / drug effects

Substances

  • Antiparasitic Agents
  • Dioxanes
  • Protease Inhibitors
  • Trypanocidal Agents
  • plakortide E
  • Cathepsins
  • Cysteine Endopeptidases
  • rhodesain