Evidence-based screening for low bone mineral density in HIV-infected men

J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2014 Nov-Dec;25(6):532-40. doi: 10.1016/j.jana.2014.03.006. Epub 2014 Apr 4.

Abstract

Low bone mineral density, which leads to osteoporosis and fracture risk, is an emerging clinical problem in HIV-infected patients. Our evidence-based practice project screened a convenience sample of 225 HIV-infected men for low bone mineral density using the Osteoporosis Self-Assessment Tool, and of those men, 173 were also screened by quantitative ultrasound of the calcaneus. One hundred twelve men had low bone mineral density by either or both screening methods. Seventy-one of these 112 men were tested by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and 73% had low bone mineral density. The positive protective value of the Osteoporosis Self-Assessment Tool was 73% and for quantitative ultrasound was 88%. These results suggest that routine low bone mineral density screening should be included as standard practice for all HIV-infected patients.

Keywords: HIV; bone diseases; low bone mineral density; osteoporosis self-assessment tool; quantitative ultrasound.

MeSH terms

  • Absorptiometry, Photon
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Black or African American
  • Bone Density*
  • Calcaneus / diagnostic imaging*
  • Evidence-Based Practice
  • HIV Infections / complications*
  • HIV Infections / ethnology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mass Screening / methods*
  • Middle Aged
  • Osteoporosis / diagnosis*
  • Osteoporosis / ethnology
  • Pennsylvania
  • Pilot Projects
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Ultrasonography