Lack of meaningful effect of ridaforolimus on the pharmacokinetics of midazolam in cancer patients: model prediction and clinical confirmation

J Clin Pharmacol. 2014 Nov;54(11):1256-62. doi: 10.1002/jcph.331. Epub 2014 May 24.

Abstract

Ridaforolimus, a unique non-prodrug analog of rapamycin, is a potent inhibitor of mTOR under development for cancer treatment. In vitro data suggest ridaforolimus is a reversible and time-dependent inhibitor of CYP3A. A model-based evaluation suggested an increase in midazolam area under the curve (AUC(0- ∞)) of between 1.13- and 1.25-fold in the presence of therapeutic concentrations of ridaforolimus. The pharmacokinetic interaction between multiple oral doses of ridaforolimus and a single oral dose of midazolam was evaluated in an open-label, fixed-sequence study, in which cancer patients received a single oral dose of 2 mg midazolam followed by 5 consecutive daily single oral doses of 40 mg ridaforolimus with a single dose of 2 mg midazolam with the fifth ridaforolimus dose. Changes in midazolam exposure were minimal [geometric mean ratios and 90% confidence intervals: 1.23 (1.07, 1.40) for AUC(0-∞) and 0.92 (0.82, 1.03) for maximum concentrations (C(max)), respectively]. Consistent with model predictions, ridaforolimus had no clinically important effect on midazolam pharmacokinetics and is not anticipated to be a perpetrator of drug-drug interactions (DDIs) when coadministered with CYP3A substrates. Model-based approaches can provide reasonable estimates of DDI liability, potentially obviating the need to conduct dedicated DDI studies especially in challenging populations like cancer patients.

Keywords: midazolam; pharmacokinetics; ridaforolimus.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Anti-Anxiety Agents / administration & dosage
  • Anti-Anxiety Agents / pharmacokinetics*
  • Anti-Anxiety Agents / therapeutic use
  • Antineoplastic Agents / administration & dosage
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacokinetics*
  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Area Under Curve
  • Drug Interactions
  • Female
  • Half-Life
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Midazolam / administration & dosage
  • Midazolam / adverse effects
  • Midazolam / blood
  • Midazolam / pharmacokinetics*
  • Middle Aged
  • Models, Biological*
  • Sirolimus / administration & dosage
  • Sirolimus / adverse effects
  • Sirolimus / analogs & derivatives*
  • Sirolimus / pharmacokinetics
  • Sirolimus / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Anti-Anxiety Agents
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • ridaforolimus
  • Midazolam
  • Sirolimus