High normal post-load plasma glucose, cardiometabolic risk factors and signs of organ damage in obese children

Obesity (Silver Spring). 2014 Aug;22(8):1860-4. doi: 10.1002/oby.20787. Epub 2014 May 14.

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate normoglycemic overweight/obese (Ow/Ob) children whose post-load plasma glucose (2hPG) cut-point may be significantly associated with cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs) and whether this cut-point predicts preclinical signs of organ damage.

Methods: One thousand seven hundred and thrity four normoglycemic Ow/Ob children were stratified into quintiles of 2hPG, the sixth group was constituted by 101 children with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).

Results: Moving from the lower quintiles of 2hPG to IGT, the groups differed for Prepubertal stage, BMI, fasting PG, insulin levels, blood pressure, and lipids. To evaluate the best cut-off of 2hPG related to CMRFs, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and the Youden's index was calculated. Insulin resistance, high blood pressure, and high triglyceride/HDL-C ratio were associated with a 2hPG cut-off of 110 mg/dl. Children with 2hPG ≥110 mg/dl showed 1.3-3.2 fold higher risk to have high levels of ALT (as surrogate of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease) or increased carotid intima-media thickness.

Conclusions: This study, performed in a large cohort of Ow/Ob children, shows that an atherogenic risk profile and preclinical signs of organ damage are associated with post-challenge elevations in plasma glucose still considered in the high normal range.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Atherosclerosis / complications
  • Atherosclerosis / physiopathology*
  • Blood Glucose / analysis*
  • Carotid Intima-Media Thickness
  • Child
  • Female
  • Glucose Intolerance / complications*
  • Glucose Tolerance Test
  • Humans
  • Hypertension / complications
  • Insulin Resistance
  • Italy
  • Lipids / blood
  • Lipoproteins, HDL / blood
  • Male
  • Obesity / blood
  • Overweight / complications
  • Overweight / physiopathology
  • Pediatric Obesity / complications
  • Pediatric Obesity / physiopathology*
  • Risk Factors
  • Triglycerides / blood

Substances

  • Blood Glucose
  • HDL-triglyceride
  • Lipids
  • Lipoproteins, HDL
  • Triglycerides