Biotransformation and mass balance of faldaprevir, a hepatitis C NS3/NS4 protease inhibitor in rats

Xenobiotica. 2014 Nov;44(11):1014-25. doi: 10.3109/00498254.2014.920116. Epub 2014 May 15.

Abstract

1. The metabolism, pharmacokinetics, excretion and tissue distribution of a hepatitis C NS3/NS4 protease inhibitor, faldaprevir, were studied in rats following a single 2 mg/kg intravenous or 10 mg/kg oral administration of [(14)C]-faldaprevir. 2. Following intravenous dosing, the terminal elimination t1/2 of plasma radioactivity was 1.75 h (males) and 1.74 h (females). Corresponding AUC0-∞, CL and Vss were 1920 and 1900 ngEq · h/mL, 18.3 and 17.7 mL/min/kg and 2.32 and 2.12 mL/kg for males and females, respectively. 3. After oral dosing, t1/2 and AUC0-∞ for plasma radioactivity were 1.67 and 1.77 h and 11 300 and 17 900 ngEq · h/mL for males and females, respectively. 4. In intact rats, ≥90.17% dose was recovered in feces and only ≤1.08% dose was recovered in urine for both iv and oral doses. In bile cannulated rats, 54.95, 34.32 and 0.27% dose was recovered in feces, bile and urine, respectively. 5. Glucuronidation plays a major role in the metabolism of faldaprevir with minimal Phase I metabolism. 6. Radioactivity was rapidly distributed into tissues after the oral dose with peak concentrations of radioactivity in most tissues at 6 h post-dose. The highest levels of radioactivity were observed in liver, lung, kidney, small intestine and adrenal gland.

Keywords: LC/MS; QWBA; metabolite identification; pharmacokinetics; radiolabeled.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Aminoisobutyric Acids
  • Animals
  • Bile
  • Biotransformation
  • Carbon Radioisotopes / analysis
  • Feces
  • Female
  • Injections, Intravenous
  • Leucine / analogs & derivatives
  • Male
  • Oligopeptides / pharmacokinetics*
  • Proline / analogs & derivatives
  • Protease Inhibitors / pharmacokinetics*
  • Quinolines
  • Rats
  • Rats, Long-Evans
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Thiazoles / pharmacokinetics*
  • Urine

Substances

  • Aminoisobutyric Acids
  • Carbon Radioisotopes
  • Oligopeptides
  • Protease Inhibitors
  • Quinolines
  • Thiazoles
  • faldaprevir
  • Proline
  • Leucine