Necroptosis, a novel form of caspase-independent cell death, contributes to renal epithelial cell damage in an ATP-depleted renal ischemia model

Mol Med Rep. 2014 Aug;10(2):719-24. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2234. Epub 2014 May 13.

Abstract

Acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by renal ischemia is a common clinical problem associated with a high morbidity and mortality. The present study investigated whether necroptosis was present in an in vitro renal ischemia model and whether the addition of necrostatin-1 (Nec-1) has a protective effect. In addition, whether autophagy was inhibited following the use of Nec-1 was also examined. When apoptosis was inhibited by z-VAD‑fmk and energy was depleted with antimycin A for 1 h, the morphological abnormalities of human proximal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells were markedly attenuated, and the cell viability was significantly improved following incubation with Nec-1. LC3-II/I ratios and LC3-II/GAPDH ratios demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in the Nec-1 + tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α + z-VAD-fmk + antimycin A (1 h) group compared with the control group. In conclusion, the present study suggested that necroptosis was present in HK-2 cells subjected to TNF-α stimulation and energy depletion. Nec-1 inhibits a caspase‑independent necroptotic pathway involving autophagy and may have therapeutic potential to prevent and treat renal ischemic injury.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adenosine Triphosphate / metabolism
  • Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones / pharmacology
  • Animals
  • Apoptosis* / drug effects
  • Autophagy / drug effects
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Epithelial Cells / cytology
  • Epithelial Cells / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Imidazoles / pharmacology
  • Indoles / pharmacology
  • Ischemia / metabolism
  • Ischemia / pathology
  • Microtubule-Associated Proteins / metabolism
  • Necrosis*
  • Protective Agents / pharmacology
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / pharmacology

Substances

  • Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones
  • Imidazoles
  • Indoles
  • MAP1LC3A protein, human
  • Microtubule-Associated Proteins
  • Protective Agents
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone
  • necrostatin-1
  • Adenosine Triphosphate