Novel lysophosphoplipid receptors: their structure and function

J Lipid Res. 2014 Oct;55(10):1986-95. doi: 10.1194/jlr.R046920. Epub 2014 Jun 2.

Abstract

It is now accepted that lysophospholipids (LysoGPs) have a wide variety of functions as lipid mediators that are exerted through G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) specific to each lysophospholipid. While the roles of some LysoGPs, such as lysophosphatidic acid and sphingosine 1-phosphate, have been thoroughly examined, little is known about the roles of several other LysoGPs, such as lysophosphatidylserine (LysoPS), lysophosphatidylthreonine, lysophosphatidylethanolamine, lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI), and lysophosphatidylglycerol. Recently, a GPCR was found for LPI (GPR55) and three GPCRs (GPR34/LPS1, P2Y10/LPS2, and GPR174/LPS3) were found for LysoPS. In this review, we focus on these newly identified GPCRs and summarize the actions of LysoPS and LPI as lipid mediators.

Keywords: GPCR; LPI; LysoPS.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Humans
  • Lysophospholipids* / chemistry
  • Lysophospholipids* / metabolism
  • Receptors, Lysophospholipid* / chemistry
  • Receptors, Lysophospholipid* / genetics
  • Receptors, Lysophospholipid* / metabolism
  • Structure-Activity Relationship

Substances

  • Lysophospholipids
  • Receptors, Lysophospholipid