Etiology of leukocyte adhesion deficiency-associated periodontitis revisited: not a raging infection but a raging inflammatory response

Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2014 Aug;10(8):973-5. doi: 10.1586/1744666X.2014.929944. Epub 2014 Jun 14.

Abstract

In leukocyte adhesion deficiency type I, neutrophils fail to adhere to blood vessel walls and thus cannot transmigrate to peripheral tissues. Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type I patients invariably experience an aggressive form of generalized periodontitis, which has been historically attributed to defective neutrophil surveillance of the periodontal infection. This time-honored notion has now been challenged by a recent study, which showed that the underlying etiology involves a dysregulated host response that leads to overexpression of the proinflammatory and bone-resorptive cytokine IL-17.

Keywords: IL-17; inflammation; leukocyte adhesion deficiency; neutrophils; periodontitis.

Publication types

  • Editorial
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Bacterial Infections / complications
  • Bacterial Infections / immunology*
  • Bone Resorption
  • Chemotaxis
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Humans
  • Inflammation Mediators / metabolism
  • Interleukin-17 / genetics
  • Interleukin-17 / metabolism*
  • Leukocyte-Adhesion Deficiency Syndrome / complications
  • Leukocyte-Adhesion Deficiency Syndrome / immunology*
  • Mice
  • Molecular Targeted Therapy
  • Neutrophils / immunology*
  • Neutrophils / microbiology
  • Periodontitis / etiology
  • Periodontitis / immunology*
  • Transendothelial and Transepithelial Migration
  • Up-Regulation

Substances

  • Inflammation Mediators
  • Interleukin-17

Supplementary concepts

  • Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type 1