Tissue deposition and residue depletion in rainbow trout following continuous voluntary feeding with various levels of melamine or a blend of melamine and cyanuric acid

Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2014 Nov:166:51-8. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2014.07.001. Epub 2014 Jul 16.

Abstract

This study determined the deposition and depletion in rainbow trout after continuous administration of melamine (MEL) alone or a blend of MEL and cyanuric acid (CYA). The plasma, muscles, kidneys, liver and gills were sampled at 0, 3, 7, 13, 21, 28 and 42d. After the final sampling at 42d, fish from the MEL0.05, MEL20 and MCA groups were fed the control diet (MEL0) for the depletion test. Co-administration with cyanuric acid accelerated the deposition time to the Css for melamine; during the withdrawal phrase, the melamine and CYA concentrations in the tissues decreased exponentially. Compared to the t(½) for single oral administration, the t(½) for melamine and cyanuric acid after 42d continuous feeding was prolonged. The presence of trace CYA in the plasma and kidneys of trout was detected in the MEL20 group, indicating that MEL can convert into CYA in rainbow trout.

Keywords: Continuous voluntary feeding; Cyanuric acid; Depletion; Deposition; Melamine; Rainbow trout.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animal Feed / adverse effects*
  • Animals
  • Aquaculture
  • Biotransformation
  • Carbon Isotopes
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Food Contamination / prevention & control*
  • Gills / chemistry
  • Gills / metabolism
  • Half-Life
  • Kidney / chemistry
  • Kidney / metabolism
  • Liver / chemistry
  • Liver / metabolism
  • Muscle, Skeletal / chemistry
  • Muscle, Skeletal / metabolism
  • Nitrogen Isotopes
  • Oncorhynchus mykiss / blood
  • Oncorhynchus mykiss / growth & development
  • Oncorhynchus mykiss / metabolism*
  • Pesticide Residues / analysis
  • Pesticide Residues / blood
  • Pesticide Residues / pharmacokinetics*
  • Random Allocation
  • Seafood / analysis*
  • Tissue Distribution
  • Triazines / administration & dosage
  • Triazines / analysis
  • Triazines / blood
  • Triazines / pharmacokinetics*

Substances

  • Carbon Isotopes
  • Nitrogen Isotopes
  • Pesticide Residues
  • Triazines
  • cyanuric acid
  • melamine