Donation after cardiac death liver transplantation is associated with increased risk of end-stage renal disease

Transpl Int. 2014 Dec;27(12):1263-71. doi: 10.1111/tri.12409. Epub 2014 Oct 7.

Abstract

Limited organ supply has led to greater use of liver allografts with higher donor risk indices (DRI) and/or donated after cardiac death (DCD). DCD status is associated with acute kidney injury after liver transplantation; however, less is known about the association between donor quality and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Using SRTR data, we assembled a cohort of liver transplant recipients from 2/2002 to 12/2010. We fit multivariable Cox regression models for ESRD. Model 1 included total DRI; model 2 included components of DRI, including DCD, as separate variables. Forty thousand four hundred and sixty-three liver transplant recipients were included. Median DRI was 1.40 (IQR 1.14, 1.72); 1822 (5%) received DCD livers. During median follow-up of 3.93 years, ESRD occurred in 2008 (5%) and death in 11 075 (27%) subjects. There was a stepwise increase in ESRD risk with higher DRI (DRI ≥1.14 and <1.40: HR 1.17, P = 0.06; DRI ≥1.40 and <1.72: HR 1.29, P = 0.003; DRI ≥1.72: HR 1.39, P < 0.001, compared with DRI <1.14). Adjusting for DRI components separately, DCD status was most strongly associated with ESRD (HR 1.40, P = 0.008). Higher DRI is associated with ESRD after liver transplantation, driven in part by DCD status. Donor quality is an important predictor of long-term renal outcomes in liver transplant recipients.

Keywords: cardiac death donors; donor risk; end-stage renal disease; liver transplant.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Cadaver
  • Cause of Death
  • Comorbidity
  • Diabetes Mellitus / epidemiology
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / etiology*
  • Liver Diseases / epidemiology
  • Liver Diseases / surgery
  • Liver Transplantation / adverse effects*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Postoperative Complications / etiology*
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Risk Factors
  • Tissue Donors*
  • Tissue and Organ Procurement
  • United States / epidemiology