The utility of infection screening in isolated mild ventriculomegaly: an observational retrospective study on 141 fetuses

Prenat Diagn. 2014 Dec;34(13):1295-300. doi: 10.1002/pd.4470. Epub 2014 Aug 22.

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of screening for infections in case of isolated mild ventriculomegaly (imVM).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 141 cases of imVM. Screening for infections including TORCH, parvovirus B19, and syphilis was carried out in all cases. Follow-up ultrasound, fetal karyotype, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were offered. Postnatal follow-up was obtained from pediatricians, medical records, parents, and postmortem reports in cases of termination of pregnancy or stillbirth.

Results: The imVM was bilateral in 70 fetuses and unilateral in 71 and regressed during pregnancy in 66.6% of cases. Associated anomalies were observed in 15 cases with follow-up ultrasound and in seven cases with MRI. Fetal karyotype was abnormal in one fetus (47, XXY). Maternal IgM for parvovirus B19 resulted positive in 4.6% of cases, and one neonate was infected without any fetal/neonatal adverse consequence. Recent cytomegalovirus infection was documented in 4.4% of cases. Only in one case the infection was transmitted to the fetus; after 3 years, the child has good neuromotor development but has severe hearing impairment.

Conclusions: When this diagnosis occurs, tests could be limited to cytomegalovirus and parvovirus B19, whereas a complete TORCH screening is probably not necessary.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Cytomegalovirus Infections / complications
  • Cytomegalovirus Infections / diagnosis*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hydrocephalus / virology*
  • Parvoviridae Infections / complications
  • Parvoviridae Infections / diagnosis*
  • Parvovirus B19, Human
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / diagnosis*
  • Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / virology
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Young Adult