Quadriceps femoris strength and sagittal-plane knee biomechanics during stair ascent in individuals with articular cartilage defects in the knee

J Sport Rehabil. 2014 Aug;23(3):259-69. doi: 10.1123/JSR.2013-0088.

Abstract

Context: Few objective data are available regarding strength and movement patterns in individuals with articular cartilage defects (ACDs) of the knee.

Objectives: To test the following hypotheses: (1) The involved limb of individuals with ACDs would demonstrate lower peak knee-flexion angle, peak internal knee-extension moment, and peak vertical ground-reaction force (vGRF) than the contralateral limb and healthy controls. (2) On the involved limb of individuals with ACDs, quadriceps femoris strength would positively correlate with peak knee-flexion angle, peak internal knee-extension moment, and peak vGRF.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Setting: Biomechanics research laboratory.

Participants: 11 individuals with ACDs in the knee who were eligible for surgical cartilage restoration and 10 healthy controls.

Methods: Quadriceps femoris strength was quantified as peak isometric knee-extension torque via an isokinetic dynamometer. Sagittal-plane knee kinematics and kinetics were measured during the stance phase of stair ascent with 3-dimensional motion analysis.

Main outcome measures: Quadriceps strength and knee biomechanics during stair ascent were compared between the involved and contralateral limbs of participants with ACD (paired t tests) and with a control group (independent-samples t tests). Pearson correlations evaluated relationships between strength and stair-ascent biomechanics.

Results: Lower quadriceps strength and peak internal knee-extension moments were observed in the involved limb than in the contralateral limb (P < .01) and the control group (P < .01). For the involved limb of the ACD group, quadriceps femoris strength was strongly correlated (r = .847) with involved-limb peak internal knee-extension moment and inversely correlated (r = -.635) with contralateral peak vGRF.

Conclusions: Individuals with ACDs demonstrated deficits in quadriceps femoris strength with associated alterations in movement patterns during stair ascent. The results of this study are not comprehensive; further research is needed to understand the physiological characteristics, activity performance, and movement quality in this population.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Biomechanical Phenomena
  • Cartilage, Articular / injuries*
  • Cartilage, Articular / surgery
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Knee Injuries / rehabilitation*
  • Knee Injuries / surgery
  • Linear Models
  • Male
  • Muscle Strength / physiology*
  • Quadriceps Muscle / physiology*
  • Range of Motion, Articular / physiology
  • Torque
  • Young Adult