A recombinant porcine circovirus type 2 expressing the VP1 epitope of the type O foot-and-mouth disease virus is infectious and induce both PCV2 and VP1 epitope antibodies

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2014 Nov;98(22):9339-50. doi: 10.1007/s00253-014-5994-y. Epub 2014 Aug 13.

Abstract

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the etiological agent of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome, a disease that causes huge economic damage in swine industry. A recombinant PCV2 expressing the neutralizing VP1 epitope (aa 141-160) of the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) was rescued using an infectious cloning technique. The PCV2 antigen and FMDV-VP1 antigenic epitope of the cloned strain recPCV2-CL-VP1 were confirmed by an immunoperoxidase monolayer assay (IPMA) and a capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The morphological features of the recPCV2-CL-VP1 were not discernibly different from those of its parental strain (PCV2-CL). However, the recombinant virus could be differentiated from its parental virus by PCR and capture ELISA. The recPCV2-CL-VP1 was demonstrated to replicate stably in PK-15 cells through ten passages. An infection experiment using BALB/c mice showed that both recPCV2-CL-VP1 and PCV2-CL could replicate in the mice, cause various pathological changes, and induce a high level of anti-Cap antibodies. The recombinant virus emulsified with Freund's adjuvant was used to immunize BALB/c mice and induced antibodies against the FMDV-VP1 epitope. Hence, the recombinant PCV2 strain, which expressed the neutralizing FMDV-VP1 epitope, provides a valuable platform to develop novel genetic vaccines.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing / blood
  • Antibodies, Viral / blood*
  • Capsid Proteins / genetics
  • Capsid Proteins / immunology*
  • Cell Line
  • Circovirus / genetics
  • Circovirus / immunology*
  • Circovirus / physiology
  • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
  • Epitopes / immunology*
  • Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus / genetics
  • Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus / immunology*
  • Freund's Adjuvant / administration & dosage
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Swine
  • Vaccines, Synthetic / administration & dosage
  • Vaccines, Synthetic / immunology
  • Viral Vaccines / administration & dosage
  • Viral Vaccines / immunology*
  • Virion / ultrastructure
  • Virus Replication

Substances

  • Antibodies, Neutralizing
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Capsid Proteins
  • Epitopes
  • VP1 protein, Foot-and-mouth disease virus
  • Vaccines, Synthetic
  • Viral Vaccines
  • Freund's Adjuvant