Mechanisms of neutralization of a human anti-α-toxin antibody

J Biol Chem. 2014 Oct 24;289(43):29874-80. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M114.601328. Epub 2014 Sep 10.

Abstract

MEDI4893 is a neutralizing human monoclonal antibody that targets α-toxin (AT) and is currently undergoing evaluation in the field of Staphylococcus aureus-mediated diseases. We have solved the crystal structure of MEDI4893 Fab bound to monomeric AT at a resolution of 2.56 Å and further characterized its epitope using various engineered AT variants. We have found that MEDI4893 recognizes a novel epitope in the so-called "rim" domain of AT and exerts its neutralizing effect through a dual mechanism. In particular, MEDI4893 not only sterically blocks binding of AT to its cell receptor but also prevents it from adopting a lytic heptameric trans-membrane conformation.

Keywords: Alpha Toxin; Antibody; Crystal Structure; Fab; Infectious Disease; Mutagenesis; Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus).

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal / chemistry
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal / immunology*
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing / chemistry
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing / immunology*
  • Bacterial Toxins / immunology*
  • Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies
  • Cell Line
  • Crystallography, X-Ray
  • Epitope Mapping
  • Hemolysin Proteins / immunology*
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments / chemistry
  • Models, Molecular
  • Neutralization Tests*
  • Protein Binding
  • Recombinant Proteins / chemistry
  • Surface Plasmon Resonance

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing
  • Bacterial Toxins
  • Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies
  • Hemolysin Proteins
  • Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • staphylococcal alpha-toxin
  • suvratoxumab

Associated data

  • PDB/4U6V