Chemical tools to monitor and manipulate the adaptive immune system

Chem Biol. 2014 Sep 18;21(9):1066-74. doi: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2014.07.009.

Abstract

The ability to monitor and manipulate antigen-specific immune responses would have a major impact on several areas of biology and medicine. In this perspective, I consider pharmacological methods to do this, with a focus on the development of abiological "antigen surrogates" capable of binding to the antigen-binding sites of antibodies and B cell receptors with high affinity and selectivity. I describe the application of combinatorial library screening to identify antigen surrogates for monoclonal antibodies of therapeutic interest using chronic lymphocytic leukemia as an example. Furthermore, I discuss the use of multiplexed assays for the quantification of antigen surrogate-antibody complexes as diagnostic tools and antigen surrogate discovery via serum screening. Although antigen surrogates are a fairly new concept, I argue that they will open new avenues for both basic and clinical research and that major advances can be expected over the next few years.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adaptive Immunity*
  • Antibodies / immunology
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal / immunology
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal / therapeutic use
  • Antigen-Antibody Complex / chemistry
  • Antigens / chemistry
  • Antigens / immunology
  • Antigens / metabolism
  • B-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • B-Lymphocytes / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / diagnosis
  • Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / drug therapy
  • Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / immunology
  • Quantum Dots / chemistry
  • Recombinant Proteins / biosynthesis
  • Recombinant Proteins / genetics
  • Recombinant Proteins / therapeutic use
  • Small Molecule Libraries / chemistry

Substances

  • Antibodies
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal
  • Antigen-Antibody Complex
  • Antigens
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • Small Molecule Libraries