Association between abdominal fat distribution and atherosclerotic changes in the carotid artery

Obes Res Clin Pract. 2014 Sep-Oct;8(5):e448-58. doi: 10.1016/j.orcp.2013.09.002. Epub 2013 Oct 1.

Abstract

Aim: We aimed to evaluate the association between abdominal fat distribution (e.g., abdominal visceral fat area [VFA], subcutaneous fat area [SFA], and total fat area [TFA]), waist circumference (WC), or body mass index (BMI) and atherosclerotic changes in the carotid artery after adjusting for common risk factors.

Methods: The present study is a hospital-based, cross-sectional study. Study participants included 223 Japanese individuals who underwent a medical health checkup at Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, between December 2005 and August 2011. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between abdominal VFA, SFA, TFA, the VFA/SFA ratio, WC, or BMI and intima-media thickness [IMT] (mean IMT≥1.1mm or maximum IMT≥1.2mm) as atherosclerotic changes in the carotid artery.

Results: Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that VFA (OR for ≥150cm(2) versus <100cm(2), 3.88; 95% CI, 1.39-10.85), BMI (OR for ≥27.6kg/m(2) versus <25kg/m(2), 5.22; 95% CI, 1.69-16.16), and TFA (OR for 200-285cm(2) versus <200cm(2), 4.15; 95% CI, 1.34-12.86: OR for ≥285cm(2) versus <200cm(2), 5.53; 95% CI, 1.76-17.35) were significantly associated with atherosclerotic changes in men. After adjustment for BMI, only TFA (OR for ≥285cm(2) versus <200cm(2), 3.76; 95%CI, 1.03-13.79) in men was significantly associated with atherosclerotic changes in the carotid artery.

Conclusions: Our results indicate that VFA, TFA, and BMI are independently associated with atherosclerotic changes in Japanese men. TFA may be considered as a valuable measure of atherosclerotic changes.

Keywords: Abdominal subcutaneous fat; Abdominal visceral fat; Body fat distribution; Carotid intima-media thickness; Intra-abdominal adipose tissue.

MeSH terms

  • Adipose Tissue* / metabolism
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Asian People
  • Atherosclerosis / etiology
  • Atherosclerosis / pathology*
  • Body Fat Distribution*
  • Body Mass Index*
  • Carotid Arteries / pathology*
  • Carotid Artery Diseases / etiology
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Intra-Abdominal Fat / metabolism*
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Obesity / complications*
  • Obesity / metabolism
  • Sex Factors
  • Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal / metabolism
  • Tokyo