Red blood cell alloimmunization in multitransfused patients in a tertiary care center in Western India

Lab Med. 2014 Fall;45(4):324-30. doi: 10.1309/LMUCV97YUWQKAHU4.

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the seroprevalence and specificity of red blood cell (RBC) antibodies in multitransfused patients, in whom the risk of alloimmunization is especially high.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study on blood specimens from 200 multitransfused patients. We evaluated all specimens for alloimmunization using various immunohematological tests via the column agglutination technique.

Results: The overall prevalence of RBC alloantibodies was 5.5%. Of the 11 specific types of alloantibodies identified, most (72.7%) belonged to the Rh blood group system, followed by the S, M, and Lewis blood group systems (9.1% each).

Conclusion: Most alloantibodies were of the Rh blood group specificity. To improve the quality of blood supplied, especially to patients with thalassemia, we recommend that Rh phenotyped, cross-match-compatible blood should be issued to prevent complications such as acute and delayed hemolytic reactions.

Keywords: alloimmunization; antibody identification; column agglutination technique; hemato-oncologic diseases; multitransfused; thalassemia.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Blood Transfusion*
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Erythrocytes / immunology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • India
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Isoantibodies / blood*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Tertiary Care Centers
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Isoantibodies