Objective: To investigate the ocular manifestations of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome.
Methods: Retrospective study. 372 patients were diagnosed as acquired immune deficiency syndrome from April 1997 to December 2012. The examination included best-corrected visual acuity, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, mydriatic fundus examination and colored fundus photography. Systemic examination including CD4(+)T- lymphocyte count and HIV viral load test before and after HAART treatment.
Results: Fifty three eyes (33 patients) were diagnosed as cytomegalovirus retinitis, among which 16 eyes (10 patients) were later presented with immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome after highly active anti-retroviral therapy. There are 9 males and 1 female, aged from 24 to 57 years old, with a mean of (39.0 ± 10.6) years old. The duration of HAART was 2 weeks to 2 years, with a mean of 5.3 months. All of the 16 eyes had decreased visual acuity, and 2 eyes had floaters. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was light perception in 2 eyes, hand move to 0.05 in 5 eyes, 0.1 to 0.5 in 6 eyes, 0.6 to 1.0 in 3 eyes. 8 eyes appeared active iridocyclitis and 5 eyes appeared inactive iridocyclitis, 5 eyes had lens opacity, 9 eyes had vitreitis, 1 eye had pale optic disc, 2 eyes had optic disc edema, 4 eyes were found retinal detachment.
Conclusion: The improvement of the understanding of the ocular manifestations of IRIS is essential for diagnosis and treatment.