Tourette and tic disorders in ICD-11: standing at the diagnostic crossroads

Braz J Psychiatry. 2014:36 Suppl 1:51-8. doi: 10.1590/1516-4446-2013-1274.

Abstract

This article reflects discussion by the WHO ICD-11 Working Group on the Classification of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders. After reviewing the historical classification of tic disorders, this article discusses their placement in ICD-11. Existing problems with diagnostic labels and criteria, appropriate placement of the tic disorders category within the ICD-11 system, and pragmatic factors affecting classification are reviewed. The article ends with recommendations to (a) maintain consistency with the DSM-5 diagnostic labels for tic disorders, (b) add a minimum duration guideline for a provisional tic disorder diagnosis, (c) remove the multiple motor tic guideline for the diagnosis of Tourette disorder, and (d) co-parent the tic disorder diagnoses in the disorders of the nervous system and the mental and behavioral disorders categories, with secondary co-parenting in the obsessive-compulsive and related disorders and neurodevelopmental disorders sections.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders*
  • Humans
  • International Classification of Diseases*
  • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / classification
  • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / diagnosis
  • Tic Disorders / classification*
  • Tic Disorders / diagnosis*
  • Tourette Syndrome / classification
  • Tourette Syndrome / diagnosis