Obesity and nutrition in acute respiratory distress syndrome

Clin Chest Med. 2014 Dec;35(4):655-71. doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2014.08.005. Epub 2014 Sep 24.

Abstract

This article discusses obesity, its contribution to clinical outcomes, and the current literature on nutrition. More than one third of Americans are obese. Literature suggests that, among critically ill patients, the relationship between obesity and outcomes is complex. Obese patients may be at greater risk of developing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) than normal weight patients. Although obesity may confer greater morbidity in intensive care, it seems to decrease mortality. ARDS is a catabolic state; patients demonstrate a profound inflammatory response, multiple organ dysfunction, and hypermetabolism, often with malnutrition. The concept of pharmaconutrition has emerged.

Keywords: ARDS; Acute lung injury; Enteral nutrition; Nutrition; Obesity; Parenteral nutrition.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Comorbidity
  • Critical Care
  • Enteral Nutrition
  • Humans
  • Obesity / complications*
  • Respiratory Distress Syndrome / complications
  • Respiratory Distress Syndrome / therapy*
  • Risk Factors