Acute hemodynamic decompensation during catheter ablation of scar-related ventricular tachycardia: incidence, predictors, and impact on mortality

Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2015 Feb;8(1):68-75. doi: 10.1161/CIRCEP.114.002155. Epub 2014 Dec 9.

Abstract

Background: The occurrence of periprocedural acute hemodynamic decompensation (AHD) in patients undergoing radiofrequency catheter ablation of scar-related ventricular tachycardia (VT) has not been previously investigated.

Methods and results: We identified univariate predictors of periprocedural AHD in 193 consecutive patients undergoing radiofrequency catheter ablation of scar-related VT. AHD was defined as persistent hypotension despite vasopressors and requiring mechanical support or procedure discontinuation. AHD occurred in 22 (11%) patients. Compared with the rest of the population, patients with AHD were older (68.5±10.7 versus 61.6±15.0 years; P=0.037); had a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus (36% versus 18%; P=0.045), ischemic cardiomyopathy (86% versus 52%; P=0.002), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (41% versus 13%; P=0.001), and VT storm (77% versus 43%; P=0.002); had more severe heart failure (New York Heart Association class III/IV: 55% versus 15%, P<0.001; left ventricular ejection fraction: 26±10% versus 36±16%, P=0.003); and more often received periprocedural general anesthesia (59% versus 29%; P=0.004). At 21±7 months follow-up, the mortality rate was higher in the AHD group compared with the rest of the population (50% versus 11%, log-rank P<0.001).

Conclusions: AHD occurs in 11% of patients undergoing radiofrequency catheter ablation of scar-related VT and is associated with increased risk of mortality over follow-up. AHD may be predicted by clinical factors, including advanced age, ischemic cardiomyopathy, more severe heart failure status (New York Heart Association class III/IV, lower ejection fraction), associated comorbidities (diabetes mellitus and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), presentation with VT storm, and use of general anesthesia.

Keywords: catheter ablation; mortality; ventricular tachycardia.

Publication types

  • Observational Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Anesthesia, General / adverse effects
  • Blood Pressure
  • Catheter Ablation / adverse effects*
  • Catheter Ablation / mortality
  • Cicatrix / complications*
  • Cicatrix / diagnosis
  • Cicatrix / mortality
  • Comorbidity
  • Female
  • Heart Rate
  • Hemodynamics*
  • Humans
  • Hypotension / diagnosis
  • Hypotension / etiology*
  • Hypotension / mortality
  • Hypotension / physiopathology
  • Hypotension / therapy
  • Incidence
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Stroke Volume
  • Tachycardia, Ventricular / diagnosis
  • Tachycardia, Ventricular / mortality
  • Tachycardia, Ventricular / physiopathology
  • Tachycardia, Ventricular / surgery*
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Ventricular Function, Left