Imaging appearances of diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia

Clin Imaging. 2015 Mar-Apr;39(2):243-6. doi: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2014.10.017. Epub 2014 Oct 30.

Abstract

Objective: The objective of the study was to describe the imaging appearances of diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia (DIPNECH) on computed tomography (CT).

Materials and methods: Electronic medical records were searched for patients with pathology-proven DIPNECH who had a CT available for review. Eleven patients were included.

Results: The most common finding on CT was small pulmonary nodules which were present in all patients and were multiple (≥5) in 7/11 patients. Other CT findings included mosaic pattern attenuation and bronchial wall thickening/bronchiectasis.

Conclusion: DIPNECH should be considered as a diagnostic possibility when multiple small pulmonary nodules are identified on CT, particularly if there is an associated carcinoid tumor.

Keywords: CT; DIPNECH; Pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia; pulmonary nodules.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Carcinoid Tumor / diagnostic imaging*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hyperplasia / diagnostic imaging
  • Lung Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging*
  • Middle Aged
  • Multiple Pulmonary Nodules / diagnostic imaging*
  • Neuroendocrine Cells / diagnostic imaging*
  • Precancerous Conditions / diagnostic imaging*
  • Radiography