A polysaccharide from Polygonatum sibiricum attenuates amyloid-β-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells

Carbohydr Polym. 2015 Mar 6:117:879-886. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.10.034. Epub 2014 Oct 23.

Abstract

One of the pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the progressive accumulation of beta-amyloid (Aβ) in the form of senile plaques, and Aβ induced neurotoxicity has been identified as a major cause of the onset of AD. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of a polysaccharide (PS-WNP) from Polygonatum sibiricum against the Aβ(25-35)-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells and explored the underlying mechanism. The results showed that pretreatment with PS-WNP significantly attenuated cell death and the elevated Bax/Bcl-2 ratio evoked by Aβ(25-35), and subsequently inhibited mitochondrial dysfunction and cytochrome c release into the cytosol. Moreover, PS-WNP significantly inhibited Aβ(25-35) induced caspase-3 activation and enhanced the protein levels of phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) in PC12 cells. Additionally, pretreatment with the PI3K inhibitor (LY294002) completely abolished the protective effects of PS-WNP against Aβ(25-35)-induced neuronal cell apoptosis. These observations unambiguously suggested that the protective effect of PS-WNP against Aβ(25-35)-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells was associated with the enhancement of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Keywords: Akt; Alzheimer's disease; Neuroprotection; PC12 cells; Polygonatum sibiricum; Polysaccharide.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amyloid beta-Peptides / toxicity*
  • Animals
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Caspase 3 / metabolism
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Cytochromes c / metabolism
  • Enzyme Activation / drug effects
  • Mitochondria / drug effects
  • Neurons / cytology
  • Neurons / drug effects*
  • Neurons / metabolism
  • PC12 Cells
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / metabolism
  • Polygonatum / chemistry*
  • Polysaccharides / pharmacology*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / metabolism
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / metabolism
  • Rats
  • Rhizome / chemistry
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects
  • bcl-2-Associated X Protein / metabolism

Substances

  • Amyloid beta-Peptides
  • Polysaccharides
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2
  • bcl-2-Associated X Protein
  • Cytochromes c
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
  • Caspase 3