Molecular classification of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis by unsupervised clustering of gene expression in motor cortex

Neurobiol Dis. 2015 Feb:74:359-76. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2014.12.002. Epub 2014 Dec 10.

Abstract

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rapidly progressive and ultimately fatal neurodegenerative disease, caused by the loss of motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. Although 10% of ALS cases are familial (FALS), the majority are sporadic (SALS) and probably associated to a multifactorial etiology. Currently there is no cure or prevention for ALS. A prerequisite to formulating therapeutic strategies is gaining understanding of its etio-pathogenic mechanisms. In this study we analyzed whole-genome expression profiles of 41 motor cortex samples of control (10) and sporadic ALS (31) patients. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering was able to separate control from SALS patients. In addition, SALS patients were subdivided in two different groups that were associated to different deregulated pathways and genes, some of which were previously associated to familiar ALS. These experiments are the first to highlight the genomic heterogeneity of sporadic ALS and reveal new clues to its pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets.

Keywords: ALS; Molecular taxonomy; Pathway; Transcriptomics.

Publication types

  • Validation Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / classification*
  • Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / metabolism*
  • Cluster Analysis*
  • Female
  • Gene Expression
  • Gene Expression Profiling / methods*
  • Humans
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Motor Cortex / metabolism*
  • Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
  • RNA, Messenger / metabolism
  • Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Unsupervised Machine Learning*
  • White People

Substances

  • RNA, Messenger