Cervical screening in HIV-positive women in the East of England: recent CD4 as the predictive risk factor

Int J STD AIDS. 2015 Nov;26(13):945-50. doi: 10.1177/0956462414563624. Epub 2014 Dec 12.

Abstract

This study examines the relationship between CD4 count and cervical cytological abnormality in HIV-positive women attending two district general hospital genitourinary medicine clinics in the East of England. It aims to determine whether the rate of cervical cytological abnormalities differs in HIV-positive women with CD4 count >350 cells/µl and those with CD4 count ≤350 cells/µl; and to compare the rates of abnormalities with that of the general population. We retrospectively reviewed data from a cross-sectional audit undertaken between December 2010 and December 2011 and analysed them using multivariable statistics. There was a significant association between recent CD4 count ≤350 cells/µl and cervical cytological abnormality (p < 0.001). A total of 6.3% of women with recent CD4 counts >350 cells/µl had abnormal cervical smear results, compared with 6.6% of the general population in the screening period 2010-11 and 7.2% of the general population in the screening period 2009-10. In our study population of women with recent CD4 counts >350 cells/µl, the proportions of mild, moderate and severe dysplasia were also similar to national figures. This raises important questions about the cost effectiveness of blanket annual screening for HIV-positive women.

Keywords: AIDS; CIN; HAART; HIV; SIL; cervical dysplasia; screening; women.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • CD4 Lymphocyte Count*
  • Cervix Uteri / pathology*
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • England / epidemiology
  • Female
  • HIV Infections / epidemiology
  • HIV Infections / immunology*
  • HIV Infections / virology
  • Humans
  • Logistic Models
  • Mass Screening
  • Middle Aged
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Papanicolaou Test*
  • Prevalence
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / diagnosis*
  • Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / epidemiology
  • Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / pathology
  • Vaginal Smears / statistics & numerical data*
  • Young Adult