Abstract
Although anaplastic large-cell lymphomas (ALCL) carrying anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) have a relatively good prognosis, aggressive forms exist. We have identified a novel translocation, causing the fusion of the TRAF1 and ALK genes, in one patient who presented with a leukemic ALK+ ALCL (ALCL-11). To uncover the mechanisms leading to high-grade ALCL, we developed a human patient-derived tumorgraft (hPDT) line. Molecular characterization of primary and PDT cells demonstrated the activation of ALK and nuclear factor kB (NFkB) pathways. Genomic studies of ALCL-11 showed the TP53 loss and the in vivo subclonal expansion of lymphoma cells, lacking PRDM1/Blimp1 and carrying c-MYC gene amplification. The treatment with proteasome inhibitors of TRAF1-ALK cells led to the downregulation of p50/p52 and lymphoma growth inhibition. Moreover, a NFkB gene set classifier stratified ALCL in distinct subsets with different clinical outcome. Although a selective ALK inhibitor (CEP28122) resulted in a significant clinical response of hPDT mice, nevertheless the disease could not be eradicated. These data indicate that the activation of NFkB signaling contributes to the neoplastic phenotype of TRAF1-ALK ALCL. ALCL hPDTs are invaluable tools to validate the role of druggable molecules, predict therapeutic responses and implement patient specific therapies.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase
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Animals
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Blotting, Western
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Drug Resistance, Neoplasm*
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Flow Cytometry
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Gene Expression Profiling
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High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
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Humans
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Immunoprecipitation
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In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
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Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic / drug therapy
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Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic / genetics*
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Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic / mortality
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred NOD
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NF-kappa B / genetics
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NF-kappa B / metabolism*
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Positive Regulatory Domain I-Binding Factor 1
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Proteasome Inhibitors / pharmacology
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / genetics
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / metabolism
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RNA, Messenger / genetics
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Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
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Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / genetics*
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Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / metabolism
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Repressor Proteins / genetics
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Repressor Proteins / metabolism
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Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
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Signal Transduction
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TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 1 / genetics*
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TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 1 / metabolism
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Translocation, Genetic / genetics*
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Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / genetics
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Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / metabolism
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Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
Substances
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MYC protein, human
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NF-kappa B
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Proteasome Inhibitors
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc
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RNA, Messenger
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Repressor Proteins
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TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 1
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TP53 protein, human
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Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
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PRDM1 protein, human
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Positive Regulatory Domain I-Binding Factor 1
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ALK protein, human
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Alk protein, mouse
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Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase
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Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases