Synthetic modification of hydroxychavicol by Mannich reaction and alkyne-azide cycloaddition derivatives depicting cytotoxic potential

Eur J Med Chem. 2015 Mar 6:92:236-45. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.12.047. Epub 2014 Dec 31.

Abstract

Here we report the design, synthesis and lead optimization of hydroxychavicol (1) a high yielding metabolite ubiquitously present in the Piper betel leaves with the significant cytotoxic activity. This is the first report to describe the synthetic strategies of two distinct series of hydroxychavicol by Mannich reaction (2-10) and alkyne-azide cycloaddition (11-20). Furthermore, all the synthesized derivatives along with parent compound were evaluated for their in-vitro cytotoxic and antiproliferative potential in several distinct cancers cell lines. Among all, the Mannich reaction derived molecules 6, 8 and 10 displayed more potent cytotoxic activities with IC50 value in a range from 3 to 9 μM, which were 7-10 fold more potent than 1 against five human cancer cell lines viz. HL-60, Mia PaCa-2, MCF-7, HEP G2 and SK-N-SH. Our results describe an efficient synthetic approach used to evaluate the structure activity relationship of 1 and its derivative in search of potential new anticancer agents.

Keywords: Click chemistry; Cytotoxicity; Hydroxychavicol; Mannich reaction; Piper betel.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Alkynes / chemistry*
  • Antineoplastic Agents / chemical synthesis
  • Antineoplastic Agents / chemistry
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology*
  • Azides / chemistry*
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Cyclization
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Eugenol / analogs & derivatives*
  • Eugenol / chemical synthesis
  • Eugenol / chemistry
  • Eugenol / pharmacology
  • HL-60 Cells
  • Hep G2 Cells
  • Humans
  • MCF-7 Cells
  • Molecular Structure
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Tumor Cells, Cultured

Substances

  • Alkynes
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Azides
  • 2-hydroxychavicol
  • Eugenol