Previous studies performed in Kenya have suggested that the C868T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in CD4 increases the risk of HIV-1 acquisition; however, no relevant study has been conducted in China. To evaluate the influence of this SNP on risk of HIV-1 infection in a Chinese population, the CD4 genotype was determined by DNA sequencing in 101 HIV-1 patients and 102 healthy controls. No significant differences in the genotype and allele distributions of this polymorphism were observed among the patient and control groups. Additionally, binary logistic regression analyses adjusted by age and gender revealed that the C868T polymorphism was not associated with risk of HIV-1 infection. Furthermore, when analyses of genotype and allele frequencies were stratified by gender, similar nonsignificant results were found. Our study demonstrates a null association between the CD4 C868T polymorphism and an individual's susceptibility of HIV-1 acquisition in a Chinese population. Further studies are warranted to confirm these results.