An audit and feedback system for effective quality improvement in head and neck surgery: Can we become better surgeons?

Cancer. 2015 May 15;121(10):1581-7. doi: 10.1002/cncr.29238. Epub 2015 Jan 13.

Abstract

Background: An evaluation system was established for measuring physician performance. This study was designed to determine whether an initial evaluation with surgeon feedback improved subsequent performance.

Methods: After an evaluation of an initial cohort of procedures (2004-2008), surgeons were given risk-adjusted individual feedback. Procedures in a postfeedback cohort (2009-2010) were then assessed. Both groups were further stratified into high-acuity procedure (HAP) and low-acuity procedure (LAP) groups. Negative performance measures included the length of the perioperative stay (2 days or longer for LAPs and 11 days or longer for HAPs); perioperative blood transfusions; a return to the operating room within 7 days; and readmission, surgical site infections, and mortality within 30 days.

Results: There were 2618 procedures in the initial cohort and 1389 procedures in the postfeedback cohort. Factors affecting performance included the surgeon, the procedure's acuity, and patient comorbidities. There were no significant differences in the proportions of LAPs and HAPs or in the prevalence of patient comorbidities between the 2 assessment periods. The mean length of stay significantly decreased for LAPs from 2.1 to 1.5 days (P = .005) and for HAPs from 10.5 to 7 days (P = .003). The incidence of 1 or more negative performance indicators decreased significantly for LAPs from 39.1% to 28.6% (P < .001) and trended downward for HAPs from 60.9% to 53.5% (P = .081).

Conclusions: Periodic assessments of performance and outcomes are essential for continual quality improvement. Significant decreases in the length of stay and negative performance indicators were seen after feedback. Therefore, an audit and feedback system may be an effective means of improving quality of care and reducing practice variability within a surgical department.

Keywords: audit; feedback; head neck cancer; head neck surgery; performance improvement; quality improvement.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Blood Component Transfusion / statistics & numerical data
  • Cancer Care Facilities
  • Feedback, Psychological*
  • Female
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms / mortality
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Hospital Mortality
  • Hospitals, University
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Length of Stay / statistics & numerical data
  • Male
  • Medical Audit*
  • Middle Aged
  • Patient Readmission / statistics & numerical data
  • Program Development
  • Quality Improvement*
  • Quality Indicators, Health Care / statistics & numerical data*
  • Reoperation / statistics & numerical data
  • Surgeons / standards
  • Surgeons / statistics & numerical data*
  • Surgical Wound Infection / epidemiology
  • Texas / epidemiology