Encapsulation of Mono- or Bimetal Nanoparticles Inside Metal-Organic Frameworks via In situ Incorporation of Metal Precursors

A facile, in situ metal precursor incorporation strategy is established for good control over the location and composition of metal nanoparticles within metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). This one-step metal precursor incorporation route is successfully applied to the fabrication of ultrafine Pd, Ni, and PdNi alloys to be selectively encapsulated inside the pores of MOFs, achieving superior catalytic activity and stability in the hydrogenation of nitrobenzene.