Perivalvular pannus and valve thrombosis: two concurrent mechanisms of mechanical valve prosthesis dysfunction

Rev Port Cardiol. 2015 Feb;34(2):141.e1-3. doi: 10.1016/j.repc.2014.08.024. Epub 2015 Feb 3.
[Article in English, Portuguese]

Abstract

A 78-year-old woman was admitted to our institution with progressive dyspnea. She had previously been diagnosed with rheumatic heart disease and had undergone cardiac surgery for mechanical mitral valve replacement ten years previously. Transesophageal echocardiography revealed blockage of the mechanical prosthesis and the patient was scheduled for surgery, in which a thrombus was removed from the left atrial appendage. A partial thrombosis of the mechanical prosthesis and circumferential pannus overgrowth were concomitantly detected. Prosthetic heart valve blockage is a rare but life-threatening complication, the main causes of which are thrombosis and pannus formation. The two conditions are different but both are usually misdiagnosed. Two concurrent mechanisms of prosthesis blockage were found in this patient.

Keywords: Disfunção valvar mecânica; Mechanical valve dysfunction; Mitral; Pannus; Prosthesis; Prótese; Thrombosis; Trombose.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Female
  • Fibrosis / etiology
  • Heart Valve Diseases / etiology*
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis / adverse effects*
  • Humans
  • Mitral Valve / pathology*
  • Prosthesis Failure
  • Thrombosis / etiology*