Effects of dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio on fatty acid composition, free amino acid profile and gene expression of transporters in finishing pigs

Br J Nutr. 2015 Mar 14;113(5):739-48. doi: 10.1017/S0007114514004346. Epub 2015 Feb 23.

Abstract

Revealing the expression patterns of fatty acid and amino acid transporters as affected by dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio would be useful for further clarifying the importance of the balance between n-6 and n-3 PUFA. A total of ninety-six finishing pigs were fed one of four diets with the ratio of 1:1, 2·5:1, 5:1 and 10:1. Pigs fed the dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio of 5:1 had the highest (P< 0·05) daily weight gain, and those fed the dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio of 1:1 had the largest loin muscle area (P< 0·01). The concentration of n-3 PUFA was raised as the ratio declined (P< 0·05) in the longissimus dorsi and subcutaneous adipose tissue. The contents of tryptophan, tasty amino acids and branched-chain amino acids in the longissimus dorsi were enhanced in pigs fed the dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios of 1:1-5:1. The mRNA expression level of the fatty acid transporter fatty acid transport protein-1 (FATP-1) was declined (P< 0·05) in the longissimus dorsi of pigs fed the dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios of 1:1-5:1, and increased (P< 0·05) in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of pigs fed the dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios of 5:1 and 10:1. The expression profile of FATP-4 was similar to those of FATP-1 in the adipose tissue. The mRNA expression level of the amino acid transceptors LAT1 and SNAT2 was up-regulated (P< 0·05) in the longissimus dorsi of pigs fed the dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios of 1:1 and 2·5:1. In conclusion, maintaining the dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios of 1:1-5:1 would facilitate the absorption and utilisation of fatty acids and free amino acids, and result in improved muscle and adipose composition.

Keywords: Finishing pigs.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Transport System A / genetics
  • Amino Acid Transport System A / metabolism
  • Amino Acids / analysis
  • Amino Acids / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Crosses, Genetic
  • Diet / veterinary*
  • Dietary Fats / analysis
  • Energy Intake
  • Fatty Acid Transport Proteins / genetics
  • Fatty Acid Transport Proteins / metabolism
  • Fatty Acids / analysis
  • Fatty Acids / metabolism
  • Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / administration & dosage*
  • Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / analysis
  • Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / metabolism
  • Fatty Acids, Omega-6 / administration & dosage*
  • Fatty Acids, Omega-6 / analysis
  • Fatty Acids, Omega-6 / metabolism
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental*
  • Large Neutral Amino Acid-Transporter 1 / genetics
  • Large Neutral Amino Acid-Transporter 1 / metabolism
  • Linseed Oil / administration & dosage
  • Linseed Oil / metabolism
  • Meat / analysis
  • Muscle Development
  • Muscle, Skeletal / growth & development
  • Muscle, Skeletal / metabolism*
  • Protein Isoforms / genetics
  • Protein Isoforms / metabolism
  • Soybean Oil / administration & dosage
  • Soybean Oil / metabolism
  • Subcutaneous Fat / growth & development
  • Subcutaneous Fat / metabolism*
  • Sus scrofa / growth & development
  • Sus scrofa / metabolism*
  • Weight Gain

Substances

  • Amino Acid Transport System A
  • Amino Acids
  • Dietary Fats
  • Fatty Acid Transport Proteins
  • Fatty Acids
  • Fatty Acids, Omega-3
  • Fatty Acids, Omega-6
  • Large Neutral Amino Acid-Transporter 1
  • Protein Isoforms
  • Soybean Oil
  • Linseed Oil