Interferon Lambda Upregulates IDO1 Expression in Respiratory Epithelial Cells After Influenza Virus Infection

J Interferon Cytokine Res. 2015 Jul;35(7):554-62. doi: 10.1089/jir.2014.0052. Epub 2015 Mar 10.

Abstract

Influenza infection causes an increase in indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity in the lung parenchyma. IDO catabolizes tryptophan into kynurenine, leading to immune dampening. Multiple cell types express IDO, and while IFN-γ upregulates IDO in dendritic cells and macrophages, it is unclear how IDO is affected in respiratory epithelial cells during influenza infection. In this study, the role of IFN-λ in IDO regulation was investigated after influenza infection of respiratory epithelial cells. IDO1 expression increased concurrently with IFN-λ expression. In differentiated NHBE cells, the IDO metabolite was released basolaterally. Recombinant IFN-λ upregulated IDO1 activity, and silencing of IFN-λ decreased IDO1 expression during influenza infection. During IFN-λ stimulation, most differentiated cell types are able to express IDO but during influenza infection, IDO is primarily expressed in uninfected cells. These studies show a role for IDO in the host response to influenza infection, and they provide insights into novel approaches for enhancing vaccine responses and therapeutic approaches.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cell Death
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Survival
  • Cytokines / metabolism*
  • Dogs
  • Epithelial Cells / enzymology
  • Epithelial Cells / virology*
  • Humans
  • Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase / metabolism*
  • Influenza, Human / metabolism
  • Influenza, Human / virology
  • Interferons
  • Interleukins / metabolism*
  • Lung / pathology
  • Mice
  • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / metabolism*
  • Orthomyxoviridae Infections / virology
  • Up-Regulation*
  • Viral Load

Substances

  • Cytokines
  • IDO1 protein, human
  • IDO1 protein, mouse
  • interferon-lambda, human
  • Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase
  • Interleukins
  • interferon-lambda protein, mouse
  • Interferons