HOXA11 gene is hypermethylation and aberrant expression in gastric cancer

Yinguo Bai; Na Fang; Tingxun Gu; Yuhua Kang; Jiang Wu; Desheng Yang; Hui Zhang; Zhimin Suo; Shaoping Ji

doi:10.1186/s12935-014-0079-7

HOXA11 gene is hypermethylation and aberrant expression in gastric cancer

Cancer Cell Int. 2014 Aug 19:14:79. doi: 10.1186/s12935-014-0079-7. eCollection 2014.

Authors

Yinguo Bai¹, Na Fang², Tingxun Gu², Yuhua Kang³, Jiang Wu⁴, Desheng Yang³, Hui Zhang³, Zhimin Suo³, Shaoping Ji²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Gastroenterology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, Henan Province, China ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School of Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan Province, China.
² Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School of Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan Province, China.
³ Department of Gastroenterology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, Henan Province, China.
⁴ Department of pathology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, Henan Province, China.

Abstract

Background: Aberrant DNA methylation is an acquired epigenetic alteration that serves as an alternative to genetic defects in the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes and other genes in diverse human cancers. Gastric carcinoma is one of the tumors with a high frequency of aberrant methylation in promoter region. Hence we investigated the promoter methylation status and expression level of HOXA11 gene which may involve in GC development.

Methods: Thirty-two surgical excised gastric cancer specimens, twelve paired adjacent non-cancerous specimens and seven normal gastric mucosas were examined. The methylation status and expression level of HOXA11 gene were determined by bisulfite sequencing polymerase chain reaction (BSP), real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) respectively. HOXA11 expression was knocked-down with siRNA to mimic HOXA11 gene hypermethylation and ability of cell proliferation and migration was determinate. In addition, we analyzed and correlated the findings with clinicopathological features.

Results: The methylation level of HOXA11 gene in gastric cancer tissues and adjacent non-cancerous tissues were higher than those in normal gastric mucosa (P < 0.05). The methylation level was higher in TNM III and IV patients of GC than those in TNM I and II patients (P < 0.05). The expression of HOXA11 mRNA and protein decreased in normal gastric mucosa, peri-cancer tissue and GC (P < 0.05). HOXA11 expression was inversely correlated with DNA methylation (P < 0.05). Knocked-down of HOXA11 expression with siRNA in BGC-823 cells enhanced cell proliferation compared with control, but no significant different was observed in migration ability.

Conclusion: Hypermethylation and decreased expression of HOXA11 gene may be involved in the carcinogenesis and development of GC and may provide useful information for the prediction of the malignant behaviors of GC. And the expression of HOXA11 is impaired by DNA methylation. However, repression of HOXA11 expression promoted BGC-823 cell proliferation.

Keywords: Expression; Gastric cancer; HOXA11 gene; Methylation.