The relationship between Asian dust events and out-of-hospital cardiac arrests in Japan

J Epidemiol. 2015;25(4):289-96. doi: 10.2188/jea.JE20140179. Epub 2015 Mar 21.

Abstract

Background: Asian dust events are caused by dust storms that originate in the deserts of China and Mongolia and drift across East Asia. We hypothesized that the dust events would increase incidence of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests by triggering acute events or exacerbating chronic diseases.

Methods: We analyzed the Utstein-Style data collected in 2005 to 2008 from seven prefectures covering almost the entire length of Japan to investigate the effect of Asian dust events on out-of-hospital cardiac arrests. Asian dust events were defined by the measurement of light detection and ranging. A time-stratified case-crossover analysis was performed. The strength of the association between Asian dust events and out-of-hospital cardiac arrests was shown by odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals in two conditional logistic models. A pooled estimate was obtained from area-specific results by random-effect meta-analysis.

Results: The total number of cases of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest was 59 273, of which 35 460 were in men and 23 813 were in women. The total number of event days during the study period was smallest in Miyagi and Niigata and largest in Shimane and Nagasaki. There was no significant relationship between Asian dust events and out-of-hospital cardiac arrests by area in either of the models. In the pooled analysis, the highest odds ratios were observed at lag day 1 in both model 1 (OR 1.07; 95% CI, 0.97-1.19) and model 2 (OR 1.08; 95% CI, 0.97-1.20). However, these results were not statistically significant.

Conclusions: We found no evidence of an association between Asian dust events and out-of-hospital cardiac arrests.

背景:: 黄砂は中国とモンゴルの砂漠で巻き上げられた土壌粒子が偏西風により東アジアの広範囲に飛来し浮遊・降下する現象である。この黄砂が急性イベントや慢性疾患の増悪等を介して引き起こされる院外心停止との関連について検討を行った。

方法:: 黄砂の院外心停止への影響を調べるため、日本の南北に分布する7県から2005年から2007年までの4年間のウツタイン統計データを解析した。黄砂はLIDARデータによって定義した。解析方法にはTime-Stratifiedケースクロスオーバー解析を用いた。2つの条件付きロジスティックモデルにより、黄砂曝露と院外心停止との関連の強さはオッズ比とその95%信頼区間により示した。さらにメタアナリシス解析により7件を統合した結果を得た。

結果:: 全体の院外心停止件数は59,273件でそのうち35,460件が男性、23,813件が女性であった。対象期間の黄砂日は宮城と新潟で少なく、島根と長崎で多かった。黄砂と院外心停止は2つのモデルを用いて評価を行ったが有意な関連は得られなかった。統合した解析によるとModel1とModel2においてlag1で最も高いオッズ比を得た。しかしながらこれらの結果は統計学的に有意ではなかった。

結論:: 黄砂曝露と院外心停止において関連は認められなかった。

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Air Pollution / adverse effects*
  • Air Pollution / analysis
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Cross-Over Studies
  • Dust / analysis*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Japan / epidemiology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest / epidemiology*
  • Time Factors
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Dust