An increase in the number of young women with breast cancer together with improved outcomes after breast cancer treatments have lead healthcare providers and society in general to become more aware of fertility preservation. The potential for infertility caused by cancer treatment is one of the most important quality-of-life issues for young women with cancer, and guidelines and decision-aids to support those who wish to have children after cancer treatment have been developed. To move forward, a prospective database needs to be developed in order to overcome safety concerns, and to allow network building among breast oncologists and reproductive specialists. A multidisciplinary team is also urgently needed to address psychosocial and ethical issues.