Treatment of intra-abdominal haemorrhagic shock by Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (REBOA)

Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med. 2015 Feb;34(1):53-5. doi: 10.1016/j.accpm.2014.07.002. Epub 2015 Mar 5.

Abstract

Purpose: Haemorrhagic shock is commonly encountered in the emergency room and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. For intra-thoracic and intra-abdominal bleeding, treatment usually requires either surgery or an interventional radiologic procedure. Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (REBOA) has already been described for pelvic fractures and intra-abdominal haemorrhages. In this case report, we present the use of REBOA in a patient admitted for haemorrhagic shock due to a ruptured splenic artery aneurysm.

Case report: We describe the case of a 35-year-old male with suspected massive pulmonary embolism. Prior to diagnostic confirmation by CT-scan, the patient suffered several cardiac arrests. CT-scan revealed a massive haemoperitoneum secondary to a ruptured aneurysm of the splenic artery. Because of refractory hypotension despite maximal conventional therapy, we used REBOA before patient transfer to the operating room for splenectomy.

Conclusions: This case underlines the feasibility of REBOA and discusses its role in uncontrollable intra-abdominal haemorrhagic shock.

Keywords: Aneurysm; Haemoperitoneum; Haemorrhagic shock; Intra-aortic balloon occlusion; REBOA; Refractory shock.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aorta
  • Arteriovenous Fistula / complications
  • Balloon Occlusion / methods*
  • Coma / etiology
  • Glasgow Coma Scale
  • Heart Arrest / etiology
  • Hemoperitoneum / etiology
  • Hemorrhage / complications
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Resuscitation / methods*
  • Shock, Hemorrhagic / therapy*
  • Splenectomy
  • Splenic Artery
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed