Dermatitis of the face, yellow toe nail changes, hairy leukoplakia and oral candidiasis are clinical indicators of progression to AIDS/opportunistic infection in patients with HIV infection

Scand J Infect Dis. 1989;21(5):497-505. doi: 10.3109/00365548909037877.

Abstract

In a prospective longitudinal study of 89 men with HIV infection and persistent generalized lymphadenopathy (PGL) we tried to find clinical signs predictive of development to AIDS/opportunistic infection (OI). The mean observation time was 47 months. 27 patients (30%) developed AIDS/OI after a mean of 37 months. The estimated median time from diagnosis of PGL to AIDS/OI was 68 months. Four clinical signs of progression towards AIDS/OI were identified: dermatitis of the face, yellow toe nail changes, hairy leukoplakia and oral candidiasis. One or more of these signs were recorded in 25/27 (93%) of the patients before the development of AIDS/OI. The estimated median time from registration of each sign to AIDS/OI was: dermatitis of the face, 29 months; yellow toe nail changes, 21 months; hairy leukoplakia, 18 months; and oral candidiasis, 10 months. The estimated median time from herpes zoster to AIDS was only slightly shorter than the estimated time from diagnosis of PGL to AIDS/OI.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / complications*
  • Candidiasis, Oral / complications
  • Facial Dermatoses / complications
  • HIV Infections / complications
  • Humans
  • Leukoplakia, Oral / complications
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Male
  • Nail Diseases / complications
  • Opportunistic Infections / complications*
  • Prospective Studies