Discovery of heterocyclic sulfonamides as sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1) antagonists

Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2015;25(10):2041-5. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.03.095. Epub 2015 Apr 8.

Abstract

We have discovered a novel class of heterocyclic sulfonamides that act as antagonists of the S1P1 receptor. While members of this series identified from a high-throughput screen showed promising levels of potency in a cell-based assay measuring the inhibition of receptor internalization, most compounds were excessively lipophilic and contained an oxidation-prone thioether moiety. As a result, such compounds suffered from poor physical properties and metabolic stability, limiting their utility as in vivo probes. By removing the thioether group and systematically developing an understanding of structure-activity relationships and the effects of lipophilicity on potency within this series, we have been able to identify potent compounds with vastly improved physical properties. A representative enantiopure triazole sulfonamide (33) has measurable bioavailability following a low (3mg/kg) oral dose in rat, highlighting an achievement of the early hit-to-lead efforts for this series.

Keywords: Heterocyclic sulfonamide; Lipophilic ligand efficiency; S1P(1) antagonist; Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Drug Discovery*
  • Heterocyclic Compounds / chemical synthesis*
  • Heterocyclic Compounds / chemistry
  • Heterocyclic Compounds / pharmacology*
  • Protein Binding / drug effects
  • Rats
  • Receptors, Lysosphingolipid / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Sulfonamides / chemical synthesis*
  • Sulfonamides / chemistry
  • Sulfonamides / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Heterocyclic Compounds
  • Receptors, Lysosphingolipid
  • Sulfonamides