Chimeric derivatives of functionalized amino acids and α-aminoamides: compounds with anticonvulsant activity in seizure models and inhibitory actions on central, peripheral, and cardiac isoforms of voltage-gated sodium channels

Bioorg Med Chem. 2015 Jul 1;23(13):3655-66. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.04.014. Epub 2015 Apr 11.

Abstract

Six novel 3″-substituted (R)-N-(phenoxybenzyl) 2-N-acetamido-3-methoxypropionamides were prepared and then assessed using whole-cell, patch-clamp electrophysiology for their anticonvulsant activities in animal seizure models and for their sodium channel activities. We found compounds with various substituents at the terminal aromatic ring that had excellent anticonvulsant activity. Of these compounds, (R)-N-4'-((3″-chloro)phenoxy)benzyl 2-N-acetamido-3-methoxypropionamide ((R)-5) and (R)-N-4'-((3″-trifluoromethoxy)phenoxy)benzyl 2-N-acetamido-3-methoxypropionamide ((R)-9) exhibited high protective indices (PI=TD50/ED50) comparable with many antiseizure drugs when tested in the maximal electroshock seizure test to mice (intraperitoneally) and rats (intraperitoneally, orally). Most compounds potently transitioned sodium channels to the slow-inactivated state when evaluated in rat embryonic cortical neurons. Treating HEK293 recombinant cells that expressed hNaV1.1, rNaV1.3, hNaV1.5, or hNaV1.7 with (R)-9 recapitulated the high levels of sodium channel slow inactivation.

Keywords: Antiseizure agents; Chimeric agents; Functionalized amino acids; Na(+) current inhibition; α-Aminoamides.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Acetamides / chemical synthesis*
  • Acetamides / pharmacology
  • Administration, Oral
  • Amides / chemical synthesis*
  • Amides / pharmacology
  • Amino Acids / chemical synthesis*
  • Amino Acids / pharmacology
  • Animals
  • Anticonvulsants / chemical synthesis*
  • Anticonvulsants / pharmacology
  • Cerebral Cortex / drug effects
  • Cerebral Cortex / metabolism
  • Cerebral Cortex / pathology
  • Electroshock
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Humans
  • Injections, Intraperitoneal
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Neurons / drug effects
  • Neurons / metabolism
  • Neurons / pathology
  • Patch-Clamp Techniques
  • Primary Cell Culture
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Seizures / metabolism
  • Seizures / pathology
  • Seizures / prevention & control*
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Blockers / chemical synthesis*
  • Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Blockers / pharmacology
  • Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels / metabolism*

Substances

  • Acetamides
  • Amides
  • Amino Acids
  • Anticonvulsants
  • N-4'-((3'-trifluoromethoxy)phenoxy)benzyl 2-N-acetamido-3-methoxypropionamide
  • Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Blockers
  • Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels